How Far Away Is It - 07 - Planetary Nebula Exploding Star (4K)

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Music Free Version https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdShmKbIA-s&list=PLpH1IDQEoE8R3dSdW5VPBQTxd6QHBeam6

In this segment of our “How far away is it” video book, we cover Planetary Nebula.

We begin by introducing astrophotography and how it adds to what we can see through a telescope with our eyes. We use NGC 2818 to illustrate how this works. This continues into the modern use of Charge-Coupled Devices and how they work. We use the planetary nebula MyCn18 to illustrate the use of color filters to identify elements in the nebula.

We then show a clip illustrating the end-of-life explosion that creates objects like the Helix Planetary Nebula (NGC 7293), and show how it would fill the space between our Sun and our nearest star, Proxima Centauri.

Then, we use the Cat’s Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) to illustrate expansion parallax. As a fundamental component for calculating expansion parallax, we also illustrate the Doppler Effect and how we measure it via spectral line red and blue shifts.

We continue with a tour of the most beautiful planetary nebula photographed by Hubble. These include: the Dumbbell Nebula, NGC 5189, Ring Nebula, Retina Nebula, Red Rectangle, Ant Nebula, Butterfly Nebula, , Kohoutek 4-55, Eskimo Nebula, NGC 6751, SuWt 2, Starfish, NGC 5315, NGC 5307, Little Ghost Nebula, NGC 2440, IC 4593, Red Spider, Boomerang, Twin Jet, Calabash, Gomez’s Hamburger and others culminating with a dive into the Necklace Nebula.

We conclude by noting that this will be the most likely end for our Sun, but not for billions of years to come, and we update the Cosmic Distance Ladder with the new ‘Expansion Parallax’ rung developed in this segment.

Music:

@00:00 Bizet, Georges: Entracte to Act III from “Carman”; Orchestre Na-tional de France / Seiji Ozawa, 1984; from the album “The most relaxing clas-sical album in the world…ever!”

@02:29 Puccini, Giacomo: La Boheme, Act I: Mimi's Aria - "Si, mi chiamano mimi" (Instrumental Version); Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra, 2015; from the album “100 Must-Have Opera Karaoke”

@05:14 Bach, Johann Sebastian: Air ‘on the G string’; Academy of St. Martin in the Fields – Sir Neville Marriner, 1974; from the album “The most relaxing classical album in the world…ever!”

@11:47 Boccherini, Luigi: Minuet; from String Quintet in E Op. 13 No. 5 (arr Woohouse) Academy of St. Martin in the Fields – Sir Neville Marriner, 1980/1997; from the album “The most relaxing classical album in the world…ever!”

@15:22 Rachmaninov, Sergei: Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini – Variation 18; Cecile Ousset (Piano), City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra / Sir Si-mon Rattle, 1984; from the album “The most relaxing classical album in the world…ever!”

@18:18 Mendelssohn, Felix: Violin Concerto in E minor; Yehudi Menuhin (violin), Philharmonia Orchestra – Efrem Kurtz 1959/1997; from the album “The most relaxing classical album in the world…ever!”

@22:49 Massenet, Jules: Meditation from ‘Thais’; Hans Kalafusz (violin), Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra / Sir Neville Marriner, 1987 EMI Elec-trola GmbH - from the album “The most relaxing classical album in the world…ever!”